The research aimed to study the components and optical properties of ten calcium oxalate human kidney stones in Al- Sader Medical City in the city of Najaf. The FTIR analyzer for all stone samples was investigated by Bruker Alpha II Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with a Spectral range of 375e7500 cm¡1. The result shows that every stone sample consists of components like whewellite, weddellite, uric acid, ammonium urate, and carbonate apatite. Still, the highest percentages of the components of the stones are calcium oxalate. The optical absorbance, transmittance, reflectance, and absorption coefficient for all stones were investigated. The result shows the highest absorbance in sample 10, while the values of the absorption coefficient increase with the increase of uric acid content in calcium oxalate stones.
. (2025). Chemical Structure and Optical Properties of Calcium Oxalate Human Kidney Stones. Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science, 30(1), 35-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.29350/2411-3514.1255
MLA
. "Chemical Structure and Optical Properties of Calcium Oxalate Human Kidney Stones", Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science, 30, 1, 2025, 35-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.29350/2411-3514.1255
HARVARD
. (2025). 'Chemical Structure and Optical Properties of Calcium Oxalate Human Kidney Stones', Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science, 30(1), pp. 35-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.29350/2411-3514.1255
CHICAGO
, "Chemical Structure and Optical Properties of Calcium Oxalate Human Kidney Stones," Al-Qadisiyah Journal of Pure Science, 30 1 (2025): 35-42, doi: https://doi.org/10.29350/2411-3514.1255
VANCOUVER
. Chemical Structure and Optical Properties of Calcium Oxalate Human Kidney Stones. QJPS. 2025;30(1):35-42. doi: https://doi.org/10.29350/2411-3514.1255
